Rates of Reactions Essay

Apparatus 4 beakers (250 ml), 4 psychometric riddle thermionic tubes (18 mm x 150 mm), centigram balance, test tube rack, measuring cylinder (25 ml), crisscross pen, stop watch, thermometer, pissing and fruitcake cubes, top pan balance, lively plate, force source, safety goggles, a lab coat, 3.0 molar hydrochloric acid and uniform coat of marble chips.METHOD1. Label quaternity 250 ml beakers A, B, C & D.2. Pour150 ml of water into beakers A, B and C only. In this essay, these beakers will be employ as water baths and for this reason, place a thermometer in all(prenominal) of these beakers to memorize the water bath temperature. Beaker D is to remain empty until step 9.3. wander a test tube containing 10ml of 3.0 molar of hydrochloric acid into each of the beakers (A, B and C) partly filled with water.4. Place the beakers (B and C) containing the test tubes on an electrical hot plate, switch on the power and place a thermometer into each of the four test tubes.5. Read e ach thermometer until the water in beaker B reaches 37C and the water in beaker C reaches speed of lightC (i.e. when the water boils). At these points, remove the beakers from the hot plate and switch off the power.6. bet a few minutes and check the thermometers until the test tube temperatures atomic number 18 unvaried, and similar to the temperature of the water bath.7. Add 0.25 g of weighed marble chips to beaker B (37C), and metre the period of reply between the marble chips and the hydrochloric acid with a stopwatch. When all in all the marble chips return fully rund and the reaction ceased, stop the stopwatch and note down the meter taken for the reaction.8. Write down these results into the results evade and repeat this process for beaker C (at 100C) and beaker A (at room temperature somewhat 20C).9. Finally with beaker D, place a thermometer in this beaker to provide a temperature check and then add 150 ml of crushed ice to act as a constant temperature ice bath . Again, wait a few minutes and check the thermometers until the test tube temperatures are constant and similar to the temperature of the ice in the beaker (I.e. 0C). Add 0.25g of weighed marble chips. and so finally use the stopwatch to time how long it takes for the marble chips to dissolve in the hydrochloric acid and write down the results.10. Clean up use materials and wash hands thoroughly.VARIABLESIndependent Variables Temperature.Dependent Variables The reaction time.CONTROLSThe standard 10 ml volume of 3.0 molar hydrochloric acid in each test tube, the mass, uniform size and surface area of the quint marble chips displace into each acid, constant temperature measurement using a thermometer for each beaker and test tube (I.e. A 20C, B 37C, C 100C and D 0C) and time observation using a stopwatch to measure the duration of reaction time of acid on the marble chips.RESULTSThis table clearly shows that the higher the temperature, the faster the reaction rate. In these experi ments, I used five marble chips for each test tube to ensure consistency and so production of carbon copy dioxide.CONCLUSIONThis experiment showed that the higher the temperature, the faster the reaction rate and thereby, the faster the production of carbon dioxide from hydrochloric acid acting on marble chips.EVALUATIONMy results table higher up successfully proved that the temperature had a large effect on the range of reaction and showed that the higher the temperature, the faster the rate of reaction.The rates of chemical reaction increases with temperature, This is be private road when the temperature is increased, the particles in the solution have more energy and therefore clash more often during a certain period of time. These colliding particles will have activation energy resulting in more successful collisions between particles, the cause of reaction. As shown on my graph, the rate of reaction approximately doubles each time the temperature is increased by 10C.With r egard to sources of error, some time was taken to press the stopwatch when the marble chips had thoroughly dissolved. This would have adapted the length of reaction time a little bit and therefore alter the rate of reaction results. At first, I weighed one marble chip and multiplied it by 5 to get the mass of five marble chips. As this would have made my results inaccurate, I weighed the five marble chips all together to get the exact mass of 0.25g.